Deepfake evidence in the Ecuadorian criminal justice system: recognition, authenticity, and admissibility in trials [Se tiene por objetivo determinar los instrumentos legales y procesales que, apoyados en criminalística, sirven para la detección de elem]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62574/r083dh53Keywords:
technology, evidence, criminal law., (Source: UNESCO Thesaurus).Abstract
The objective is to determine the legal and procedural instruments that, supported by criminalistics, serve to detect elements generated with deepfake technology in Ecuadorian criminal proceedings. Qualitative research, using documentary analysis and bibliographic review. Current regulations, institutional capacities of the National Service of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, and specialised literature on detection technologies were examined. The COIP lacks specific regulations on evidence generated with artificial intelligence. The SNMLCF has expertise in computer forensics, voice analysis and morphological identity, but no specific specialisation in deepfake detection. The digital chain of custody (Articles 456-457 COIP) is the main mechanism for verifying authenticity. There is a significant gap between advances in deepfake technology and Ecuador's institutional capacity for detection. Specific regulatory updates, strengthening of the SNMLCF's technical capacities, and inter-institutional and international cooperation are required to ensure effective judicial protection
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