Hepatocellular damage caused by SARS-CoV-2: elevated transaminases, hyperbilirubinaemia, and antiviral therapeutic strategies [Daño hepatocelular por SARS-CoV-2: elevación de transaminasas, hiperbilirrubinemia y estrategias terapéuticas antivirales]

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62574/zfp7ec46

Keywords:

COVID-19, liver diseases, antivirals

Abstract

Objective: To analyse liver damage in patients with COVID-19, its pathophysiological mechanisms, and antiviral therapeutic management. Method: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Original studies, clinical trials, and systematic reviews published since 2020 in English and Spanish were included. Results: Between 14-53% of hospitalised patients present with elevated transaminases, with a pattern of AST higher than ALT. Mechanisms include direct infection via ACE2 receptors in hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, cytokine storm with elevated IL-6 and TNF-alpha, and hypoxia due to respiratory failure. Bilirubin above 2 mg/dL indicates severe disease. Remdesivir may elevate transaminases in 2-10% of patients. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir requires dose adjustment in moderate liver dysfunction. Conclusions: Liver damage in COVID-19 is common and multifactorial. Treatment requires monitoring of liver biomarkers and individualised therapeutic adjustment.

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References

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Published

2025-10-20

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How to Cite

1.
Puedmag-Altamirano EC, Solís-Sánchez MI, Flores-Guillén SC. Hepatocellular damage caused by SARS-CoV-2: elevated transaminases, hyperbilirubinaemia, and antiviral therapeutic strategies [Daño hepatocelular por SARS-CoV-2: elevación de transaminasas, hiperbilirrubinemia y estrategias terapéuticas antivirales]. CER [Internet]. 2025 Oct. 20 [cited 2026 Jul. 27];3(especial2):84-92. Available from: https://revistasinstitutoperspectivasglobales.rperspectivasinvestigativas.org/index.php/CER/article/view/904

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