Verdad y Derecho
Revista Arbitrada de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Vol. 3(3), 56-65, 2024
Eficiencia y celeridad constitucional versus la deficiencia contenciosa administrativa: Nuevo rol de los jueces
constitucionales
Constitutional efficiency and speed versus administrative litigation deficiencies: The new role of constitutional
judges
Carlos Alberto Almeida-Alvarado
56
Constitutional efficiency and speed versus administrative litigation
deficiencies: The new role of constitutional judges
Eficiencia y celeridad constitucional versus la deficiencia contenciosa
administrativa: Nuevo rol de los jueces constitucionales
Carlos Alberto Almeida-Alvarado
calmeidaa@ecotec.edu.ec
Universidad Tecnológica ECOTEC, Guayaquil, Guayas, Ecuador
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6782-5990
Yessenia del Cisne Palomino-Encalada
yeca.88@hotmail.com
Red de Investigación Koinonia, Guayaquil, Guayas, Ecuador
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9064-0616
ABSTRACT
The research objective was to analyse constitutional efficiency and speed versus administrative
litigation deficiencies as a new role for constitutional judges. The methodology was based on a
descriptive, qualitative approach using content analysis of 15 scientific articles from peer-reviewed
and indexed journals. The comparative analysis shows that the full effectiveness of the principles of
constitutional efficiency and speed is essential to overcome the structural and procedural
shortcomings of administrative litigation in Ecuador. Likewise, the incorporation of peremptory time
limits, monitoring mechanisms, and the timely use of expedited procedural remedies demonstrate
how the new role of constitutional judges transcends mere control of legality, positioning themselves
as active agents who guarantee effective judicial protection, promote responsible public
administration and strengthen the rule of law by reconciling procedural speed with substantive
justice for the benefit of citizens.
Descriptors: constitutional law; public law; administrative law. (Source: UNESCO Thesaurus).
RESUMEN
Se planteó como objetivo de investigación analizar la eficiencia y celeridad constitucional versus la
deficiencia contenciosa administrativa como nuevo rol de los jueces constitucionales. Se trabajó
metodológicamente a partir del enfoque cualitativo de tipo descriptivo documental con análisis de
contenido en 15 articulos científicos provenientes de revistas arbitradas e indexadas. El análisis
comparativo demuestra que la plena efectividad de los principios de eficiencia y celeridad
constitucional resulta indispensable para superar las carencias estructurales y procesales del
contencioso administrativo en Ecuador; asimismo, la incorporación de plazos perentorios,
mecanismos de seguimiento y el uso oportuno de recursos procesales acelerados evidencian cómo
el nuevo rol de los jueces constitucionales trasciende el mero control de legalidad, configurándose
como agentes activos que garantizan la tutela judicial efectiva, promueven una administración
pública responsable y afianzan el Estado de Derecho, al conciliar la rapidez procesal con la justicia
material en beneficio de la ciudadanía.
Descriptores: derecho constitucional; derecho público; derecho administrativo. (Fuente: Tesauro
UNESCO).
Received: 07/04/2024. Reviewed: 07/12/2024. Approved: 07/17/2024. Published: 09/01/2024.
Research articles section
Verdad y Derecho
Revista Arbitrada de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Vol. 3(3), 56-65, 2024
Eficiencia y celeridad constitucional versus la deficiencia contenciosa administrativa: Nuevo rol de los jueces
constitucionales
Constitutional efficiency and speed versus administrative litigation deficiencies: The new role of constitutional
judges
Carlos Alberto Almeida-Alvarado
Yessenia del Cisne Palomino-Encalada
56
INTRODUCTION
The study of constitutional efficiency and speed as guiding principles of judicial
action is particularly relevant in Ecuador, given that the Constitution of the Republic
enshrines the right to effective protection and due process as fundamental
guarantees (Andrade-Ureña, 2022). In this sense, constitutional efficiency is an
imperative that obliges judicial bodies, especially the Constitutional Chamber, to
articulate procedural mechanisms that allow for the prompt and adequate
satisfaction of the rights protected in the Constitution. Through constitutional
specificity, judges guide their decisions within previously established limits,
reducing excessive discretion and promoting regulatory predictability without
undermining substantive justice (Restrepo & Guevara, 2024).
Likewise, the incorporation of the principle of speed in the General Code of
Procedure (COGEP) has sought to harmonise the endemic slowness of the
contentious-administrative process with the requirements of constitutional
protection. Specifically, Jarama-Castillo, Vásquez-Chávez & Durán-Ocampo (2019)
highlight that the setting of peremptory deadlines and the reorganisation of
hearings have contributed to shortening processing times, even though challenges
related to the allocation of human and technological resources remain. Indeed, the
absence of performance indicators that allow for the systematic measurement of the
impact of these reforms hinders the full evaluation of their effectiveness, which
requires the creation of standardised statistical monitoring systems.
On the other hand, comparative experience in contentious-administrative justice
highlights the tension between guaranteeing access to jurisdiction and the need to
avoid court congestion. In this regard, Mejía-Guerrero & Salamanca-Giral (2020)
highlight that the decentralisation of powers and the implementation of virtual
courts for electronic litigation have promoted expedited access to the administration
Verdad y Derecho
Revista Arbitrada de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Vol. 3(3), 56-65, 2024
Eficiencia y celeridad constitucional versus la deficiencia contenciosa administrativa: Nuevo rol de los jueces
constitucionales
Constitutional efficiency and speed versus administrative litigation deficiencies: The new role of constitutional
judges
Carlos Alberto Almeida-Alvarado
Yessenia del Cisne Palomino-Encalada
57
of justice, reducing notification and evidence presentation times. However, they
warn of the urgent need to improve the interoperability of systems and to provide
ongoing training to judges, clerks and legal operators in the use of digital platforms,
in order to avoid processing errors and safeguard the integrity of electronic files.
In addition, it is essential to analyse the coordination between the preliminary
administrative procedure and the contentious-administrative judicial process, since
the lack of file screening and the absence of mandatory conciliation hearings
encourage inappropriate litigation that unnecessarily delays the resolution of
disputes (Hunter-Ampuero, 2020). In this regard, the adoption of early mediation
and prior conciliation mechanisms, inspired by international best practices, could
alleviate the workload of the courts and ensure consensual solutions before
resorting to strict judicial proceedings. Likewise, optimising the pre-trial phase
strengthens the quality of judicial protection by allowing for a more in-depth
examination of factual and legal issues before the formal commencement of
litigation.
Consequently, the role of constitutional judges as guarantors of speed and efficiency
in the protection of constitutional rights takes on a new dimension through the
application of the constitutional compliance process and accelerated precautionary
measures (Vásquez-Dongo, 2021). This enables provisional rulings to be issued to
halt administrative acts that violate fundamental rights, even when the ordinary
contentious-administrative procedure is still pending. This precautionary measure
not only ensures the immediate protection of relevant legal rights, but also helps to
dispel the risk of irreparable damage while the main proceedings are ongoing.
Based on the above, the research objective is to analyse constitutional efficiency
and speed versus administrative litigation deficiencies as a new role for
constitutional judges.
Verdad y Derecho
Revista Arbitrada de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Vol. 3(3), 56-65, 2024
Eficiencia y celeridad constitucional versus la deficiencia contenciosa administrativa: Nuevo rol de los jueces
constitucionales
Constitutional efficiency and speed versus administrative litigation deficiencies: The new role of constitutional
judges
Carlos Alberto Almeida-Alvarado
Yessenia del Cisne Palomino-Encalada
58
METHOD
The study was conducted using a qualitative, descriptive, documentary approach
aimed at understanding perceptions and practices surrounding constitutional
efficiency and speed in the contentious-administrative process. This design allowed
for the exploration of legal phenomena through the collection and analysis of
contextualised information, without attempting to generalise results to large
populations.
The population context was based on the content analysis of 15 scientific articles
from peer-reviewed journals indexed in the following databases: Scielo, Scopus,
Latindex, and Redalyc. Thus, qualitative content analysis was used to process the
information collected, with the aim of identifying the salient aspects of the research
topic in order to structure a comparative corpus presented in Table 1 and
subsequently carry out the discussion section.
RESULTS
Table 1 compares the constitutional principles of procedural efficiency and speed
with the deficiencies observed in Ecuador's contentious-administrative proceedings.
It emphasises the emerging role of constitutional judges as guarantors of effective
judicial protection, who, through their function, seek to overcome the structural and
procedural limitations that affect public administration and access to justice.
Table 1.
Comparison between constitutional efficiency and speed versus
administrative litigation deficiencies as the new role of constitutional judges in
Ecuador
Aspect
Efficiency and
constitutional speed
Deficiencies in the
administrative
litigation process
New role of
constitutional judges
What does it mean?
Ensuring that
administrative and
judicial processes are
fast, clear, and
effective to protect
rights.
Problems such as
delays, bureaucracy,
and lack of access that
hinder the proper
functioning of
administrative justice.
Constitutional judges
must intervene to
ensure that processes
are fair, swift, and
respect rights.
Legal basis and
context
Constitutional
principles aimed at
improving public
The reality shows that
administrative
processes are often
The Constitution and
jurisprudence grant
judges a more active
Verdad y Derecho
Revista Arbitrada de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Vol. 3(3), 56-65, 2024
Eficiencia y celeridad constitucional versus la deficiencia contenciosa administrativa: Nuevo rol de los jueces
constitucionales
Constitutional efficiency and speed versus administrative litigation deficiencies: The new role of constitutional
judges
Carlos Alberto Almeida-Alvarado
Yessenia del Cisne Palomino-Encalada
59
administration and
electoral processes in
Ecuador.
slow and complicated,
affecting citizens.
role to correct these
flaws and protect
rights.
Problems faced
The need for
procedures and
hearings not to be
delayed and to be
resolved promptly to
avoid injustices.
Lengthy processes,
lack of resources, and
little decentralization
that hinder access to
administrative justice.
Judges must ensure
there are no
unjustified delays and
that justice is
accessible to all.
Impact on public
administration
Improves citizens'
trust in institutions by
making public
management more
efficient and
transparent.
Slowness and
bureaucracy generate
distrust and affect the
legal certainty of
individuals and
businesses.
Constitutional judges
act to ensure public
administration fulfills
its duty efficiently and
responsibly.
Relation to electoral
processes
These principles also
help ensure electoral
processes are clear
and resolved without
delays.
Although not the main
focus, administrative
delays can affect
electoral processes
and related rights.
Judges can protect
electoral rights when
affected by
administrative failures.
Proposals for
improvement
Implement rules that
require processes to
be faster and less
bureaucratic, as
established by the
General Organic Code
of Processes.
Create virtual courts,
decentralize
competencies, and
simplify procedures to
facilitate access to
justice.
Strengthen
constitutional control
so judges can act
quickly and effectively
against deficiencies.
Practical examples
Use of the principle of
speed in hearings and
administrative
procedures to avoid
unnecessary delays.
Cases where appeals
and claims take too
long, affecting those
seeking justice.
Judicial interventions
to ensure deadlines
are met and
constitutional rights
are respected.
Consequences of non-
compliance
If efficiency is not
respected, there may
be sanctions and
annulment of
administrative acts.
Delays can violate
fundamental rights
and generate legal
uncertainty for
citizens.
Judges can limit
administrative
discretion and
demand respect for
constitutional
principles.
Source: Prepared by the author.
Therefore, the effective application of the principles of constitutional efficiency and
speed is essential to overcome the shortcomings of the administrative litigation
process in Ecuador. The new role of constitutional judges is emerging as an essential
mechanism for guaranteeing effective judicial protection, promoting a more
responsible public administration that is respectful of fundamental rights. This
strengthens the rule of law and advances towards a more accessible, agile and
reliable administrative justice system for citizens.
Verdad y Derecho
Revista Arbitrada de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Vol. 3(3), 56-65, 2024
Eficiencia y celeridad constitucional versus la deficiencia contenciosa administrativa: Nuevo rol de los jueces
constitucionales
Constitutional efficiency and speed versus administrative litigation deficiencies: The new role of constitutional
judges
Carlos Alberto Almeida-Alvarado
Yessenia del Cisne Palomino-Encalada
60
DISCUSSION
It is also worth noting that the regulatory developments incorporating the principle
of expeditiousness into the General Code of Procedure (Jarama-Castillo, Vásquez-
Chávez, & Durán-Ocampo, 2019) have represented a substantial advance in setting
deadlines and streamlining hearings. However, these regulations lack standardised
statistical monitoring mechanisms, which makes it difficult to accurately measure
their real impact on the length of proceedings. As a result, there is a gap between
the letter of the law and its practical application, as the accumulation of cases and
insufficient human and technological resources in the courts prolong the time it
takes to resolve cases (Wunder-Hachem & Gabardo, 2018).
On the other hand, considering the constitutional principle of administrative
efficiency developed by Wunder-Hachem & Gabardo (2018), it should be
emphasised that its violation not only leads to the nullity of administrative acts, but
also entails the potential enforceability of the State's financial liability. Indeed,
Ecuadorian case law has begun to recognise the standing of individuals to seek
compensation for damages resulting from unjustified delays (Zurita-Morales et al.,
2024), which reinforces the remedial dimension of the legal system and acts as a
deterrent to omissive conduct by public officials.
Similarly, a comparative study of contentious proceedings against administrative
acts of decentralised autonomous governments (Navarro-Betancourt, Díaz-
Campana, & García-Segarra, 2025) reveals that the creation of virtual courts and
the decentralisation of powers have facilitated the reduction of time limits for the
presentation of evidence and notification of the parties, although challenges remain
in terms of system interoperability and specialised training for operators. In this
regard, Mejía-Guerrero & Salamanca-Giral (2020) highlight the importance of
implementing uniform protocols for the management of electronic files and
standardising the formats of proceedings in order to optimise procedural
traceability and minimise notification errors.
Verdad y Derecho
Revista Arbitrada de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Vol. 3(3), 56-65, 2024
Eficiencia y celeridad constitucional versus la deficiencia contenciosa administrativa: Nuevo rol de los jueces
constitucionales
Constitutional efficiency and speed versus administrative litigation deficiencies: The new role of constitutional
judges
Carlos Alberto Almeida-Alvarado
Yessenia del Cisne Palomino-Encalada
61
Consequently, it is worth analysing the relationship between administrative
procedure and judicial process in municipal illegality claims, given that Hunter-
Ampuero (2020) argues that the lack of prior screening of files and the absence of
mandatory conciliation hearings generate excessive and inadmissible litigation,
saturating the contentious-administrative courts. Similarly, Núñez-Torres (2019)
mentions the need to strengthen the pre-trial phase by implementing mediation and
early conciliation mechanisms that allow conflicts to be resolved expeditiously and
avoid unnecessary recourse to the courts by citizens.
Similarly, the experience of appeals in Spanish case law, analysed by De-las-Heras-
Vives (2015), shows that indiscriminate appeals contribute to excessively
prolonging proceedings and increasing the workload of the higher courts.
Consequently, the adoption of more restrictive admissibility criteria is proposed, as
well as the establishment of preliminary instances for assessing the viability of
appeals, with the aim of filtering out those appeals that lack substance or
substantive legal relevance.
Furthermore, the analysis of the principle of constitutional specificity, reviewed by
Restrepo & Guevara (2024) in the Colombian context, provides keys to delimiting
judicial discretion and ensuring that decisions comply with the normative
parameters pre-established by the Constitution. In this way, the constitutional judge
assumes a dynamic role, but within predictable margins that guarantee legal
certainty. Similarly, Andrade-Ureña (2022) emphasises that constitutional
unconventionality imposes a standard of interpretation that restricts arbitrariness
and promotes consistency between administrative law and constitutional principles.
Consequently, it is worth examining the role of the Constitutional Chamber in its
function of prior control and in its power to issue accelerated precautionary
protection, as described by Vásquez-Dongo (2021). As such, the implementation of
provisional measures, such as orders for the immediate suspension of acts that
violate fundamental rights, represents an effective instrument for protecting urgent
legal rights without neglecting due process. However, it is necessary to establish
Verdad y Derecho
Revista Arbitrada de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Vol. 3(3), 56-65, 2024
Eficiencia y celeridad constitucional versus la deficiencia contenciosa administrativa: Nuevo rol de los jueces
constitucionales
Constitutional efficiency and speed versus administrative litigation deficiencies: The new role of constitutional
judges
Carlos Alberto Almeida-Alvarado
Yessenia del Cisne Palomino-Encalada
62
clear criteria for the admissibility of such measures in order to avoid their
indiscriminate use and the overload of precautionary requests.
Similarly, Fierro-Carbonell & Alcalá-Rodríguez (2022) have highlighted the
importance of collegiate oversight of acts with financial implications, through the
creation of special bonuses for the State Attorney General's Office, which can help
to strengthen the supervision of administrative legality and prevent actions that
violate the principle of efficiency. In this regard, it is advisable to promote inter-
institutional coordination between the Public Prosecutor's Office, the State
Comptroller's Office and the contentious-administrative courts, in order to enhance
the exchange of information and avoid duplication of control.
In addition, the practical application of administrative conciliation, analysed by
Torres-Osorio (2021), provides an effective alternative for conflict resolution without
the need to reach a judgment. Indeed, conciliation prevents procedural attrition and
promotes consensual solutions, while also reducing the workload of the courts.
However, it is essential to guarantee the impartiality of the conciliator and the
genuine willingness of the parties, as well as to provide oversight mechanisms to
validate the effectiveness of the agreements reached.
Similarly, the decentralisation of powers and the creation of virtual courts, as
outlined by Mejía-Guerrero & Salamanca-Giral (2020), require a digital governance
approach that takes into account information security, file confidentiality and the
robustness of IT systems. In this regard, it is suggested that international
cybersecurity standards be adopted and that periodic audits be carried out to certify
the integrity of electronic processes.
In addition, it is worth reflecting on the relationship between the theory of Peruvian
contentious-administrative procedure, described by Ordóñez (2003), and its
possible adaptation to the Ecuadorian context. In particular, the Peruvian model of
administrative dispute resolution offers guidelines for establishing mandatory
hearings and peremptory deadlines that encourage the rapid resolution of disputes.
Verdad y Derecho
Revista Arbitrada de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Vol. 3(3), 56-65, 2024
Eficiencia y celeridad constitucional versus la deficiencia contenciosa administrativa: Nuevo rol de los jueces
constitucionales
Constitutional efficiency and speed versus administrative litigation deficiencies: The new role of constitutional
judges
Carlos Alberto Almeida-Alvarado
Yessenia del Cisne Palomino-Encalada
63
However, any transfer must take into account the unique characteristics of our
constitutional system and the existing level of institutional development.
Similarly, the review by Castro-Pizarro, Masache-Romero & Durán-Ocampo (2019)
on the application of public law in Ecuador raises the need to strengthen the training
of judges and magistrates in constitutional and administrative law so that they can
consistently apply the principles of efficiency and speed without disregarding the
substantive elements of substantive justice. In this regard, University and Society
has proposed the creation of continuing specialisation programmes that integrate
teaching and learning methods based on practical cases and procedural simulations.
Similarly, the study by Jarama-Castillo et al. (2019) suggests that hearing times can
be optimised through the use of case management tools and intelligent scheduling
of court agendas, which requires an administrative modernisation policy involving
adequate financial resources and specialised technical advice.
CONCLUSION
The comparative analysis demonstrates that the full effectiveness of the principles
of constitutional efficiency and speed is essential to overcome the structural and
procedural shortcomings of administrative litigation in Ecuador. Likewise, the
incorporation of peremptory time limits, monitoring mechanisms, and the timely use
of expedited procedural remedies demonstrate how the new role of constitutional
judges transcends mere control of legality, positioning them as active agents who
guarantee effective judicial protection, promote responsible public administration
and strengthen the rule of law by reconciling procedural speed with substantive
justice for the benefit of citizens.
FINANCING
Non-monetary
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
There is no conflict of interest with individuals or institutions linked to the research.
Verdad y Derecho
Revista Arbitrada de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Vol. 3(3), 56-65, 2024
Eficiencia y celeridad constitucional versus la deficiencia contenciosa administrativa: Nuevo rol de los jueces
constitucionales
Constitutional efficiency and speed versus administrative litigation deficiencies: The new role of constitutional
judges
Carlos Alberto Almeida-Alvarado
Yessenia del Cisne Palomino-Encalada
64
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
To the lawyers of Ecuador.
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Yessenia del Cisne Palomino-Encalada
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